On the older bikes before Harley went to the sealed bearings roller bearings were used. I know they are a pain to setup compared to sealed but they really never went bad. All that is needed is races and bearings and shims to get set probably. Can a person get this done on 2010 limited with a 17 ultra rim. Good idea or bad

 

One main issue that would have to solved, more difficult especially on the rear on those 09-later rear wheels would be Implementing the Separate Grease Seal needed for those Roller Bearings

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Another issue is that the bearings are a different OD, the tapered-rollers being smaller in OD than the current sealed ball-races. It is quite probably feasible to adapt later wheels, with a little effort, but I'm not sure it is worth it.

 

For the application the OP is asking about (existing wheels and axles), you can get Tapered Roller Bearing "Sets" with a 25mm ID and 52mm OD (same size as the existing Sealed Brgs) ... and close to the same width (which of course is the least critical of the dimensions)

So, that's not really an issue

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they also make sealed taper bearings, best of both worlds if you can find the correct size.