looks to me like they are on the swing arm. couldn't get damaged there by dropping. corrosion or wax build up. either way it is a maintainence issue, not serious.
If I had to guess, I'd say that's just the camera's flash reflecting off of the texture on the powdercoat. Ask for pictures in sunlight without the flash and then compare them.
That's right below the battery - maybe the battery vent hose isn't long enough and dumped some overflow acid on the frame. Sure looks like the results of battery acid to me.
Its either chrome polish or wax. Can't tell you how many scoots I have seen that have wax on the engine. People just do not realize that you can't get the wax off the the powder coat on the engine.